ABSTRACT
Introduction: The purpose of this research was to determine the individual factors that predict the subjective memory complaints of older adults during the Covid-19 pandemic. Materials and Method: The sample of the study consisted of 356 older adults aged between 60 and 88 years (x̄= 67.03, SD = 5.72). Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire, Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form, The Scale of Loneliness for the Elderly, Quality of Life Scale in Older People, and SocioDemographic Information Form were administered to the participants. In order to examine the relationships among the variables, correlation analysis was performed. In addition, a hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to determine the variables predicting subjective memory complaints. Results: The subjective memory complaints of this age group were found to be positively related to depression and loneliness levels, while they were discovered to be negatively associated with quality of life. The results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that each of the variables of gender, perceived socioeconomic status, loneliness, quality of life, and depression included in the analysis at different steps were a significant predictors of subjective memory complaints. Conclusion: Our results showed that there is a need for interventions that will expand social support networks, improve quality of life, and reduce depression levels in order to prevent subjective memory complaints of elderly individuals during the Covid-19 pandemic.
ABSTRACT
The pandemic of COVID-19 has had a significant negative economic impact on the international tourism revenues. Thus, the overall aim of this chapter was to explore the relationship between major crisis and the international tourism revenues. Firstly, the chapter looked at the effect of COVID-19 on the global economy. Secondly, it showed the relationship between crises and international tourism revenues. This part especially focused upon the major crises e.g. the 9/11 attack, SARS, the global economic crisis affecting the international tourism revenues. Thirdly, the chapter examined the previous crises and specifically looked at the issues of the crises, Äôs duration and their impacts on the international tourism revenues. A special attention was given to the effects of COVID-19 on tourism revenues. Finally, the chapter drew some conclusions and offered some suggestions. © Dogan Gursoy, Mehmet Sarıışık, Robin Nunkoo and Erhan Boğan 2021.
ABSTRACT
Due to the Covid-19 (Coronavirus disease) global pandemic, which began in December 2019, and which has affected the whole world and Turkey, the world and Turkey faced unexpected situations never encountered before. According to the data released by the World Health Organization (WHO), a total of 103.201.340 confirmed cases were reported;and 2.237.636 people died because of coronavirus ( as of 03.02.2021) in 223 countries worldwide. Coronavirus pandemic forced the established entertainment life to review media consumption habits and the dynamics of the sports sector. International organizations were also postponed to later dates because of the risk of global pandemics. Major events among these were European Aquatics Championships, Euro 2020, Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics, Eurocup, Euroleague, Formula-1, London Marathon, Wimbledon and World Athletics Indoor Championships. The damaging (effect) of the factor should be determined in risk assessment by considering the rate at which the factor is faced in the society and the sensitivity of the society. In general, the risk is abbreviated with the letter "R", and is calculated as a result of multiplying the probability and the effect. The purpose of this calculation is to make implementation plans by predicting the necessary measures that must be taken when expected or unexpected situations occur. Covid-19 Pandemic, which has affected the sports industry in terms of economy, international relations, social life, physical activity, various sectors of industry, together with the whole world, continues with its effects. This new structure where entertainment has changed in all demographic dimensions to virtual instead of reality hosts opportunities as well as threats. Sports ecosystem should analyze the pandemic period process very well, and make immediate action plans for future crises;and sports industry should design to find creative alternative paths with innovative solutions.